Translation and Meaning of: 本来 - honrai

The Japanese word 「本来」 (honrai) is commonly used to express the idea of something that is originally or intrinsically true, or what should naturally be. The etymology of this word unfolds into two kanji: 「本」 (hon) which means "origin" or "root" and 「来」 (rai) which means "to come" or "to arrive." Thus, when combined, they suggest the idea of something that comes from its essence or is in its original form.

「本来」 is often used in the context of describing the ideal or true state of a situation, object, or even the essence of a person. In everyday life, you might hear it in phrases that refer to situations where one wants to emphasize how something should be, comparing it to its current state. In this way, highlighting the essence or original meaning of a term or situation is the semantic core of 「本来」.

The origin of 「本来」 dates back to classical Chinese, from which many Japanese kanjis derive. With deep roots in Chinese philosophical tradition, especially in Confucianism and Taoism, the idea of something "intrinsically true" resonates in the pursuit of natural harmony and balance. However, in modern Japanese, the use of this term is more flexible and less rigid concerning its philosophical roots, ensuring its application in various everyday conversations and even in formal texts.

In addition to its frequent use in discussions about morality, identity, and nature, 「本来」 can be seen in constructions that emphasize expectation versus reality, helping to clearly project the contrast between what is and what should or could be, when compared to its natural or expected state. The ability to navigate these contexts while using this expression can enrich communication and cultural understanding among Japanese speakers.

Vocabulary

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Synonyms and similar words

• 元来 (ganrai) - From the beginning; originally; essentially.
• 本領 (honryou) - Essence; natural ability; true talent of someone.
• 本質 (honshitsu) - Essential nature; reality; fundamental characteristic of something.
• 本来面目 (honraimenboku) - The true appearance; the true nature of things.
• 本来の姿 (honrai no sugata) - The true form; the original appearance of something.
• 本来の性質 (honrai no seishitsu) - Intrinsic characteristics; the original nature of something.